Bitcoin QT OS x
Bitcoin-qt app stores private keys in ~/Library/Application Support/Bitcoin/wallet.dat
- Make sure you encrypt your wallet (Settings -> Encrypt Wallet). Write down the password on a secret piece of paper ;-)
- Make sure you back it up properly. By default,Time Machine should backup entire Application Support,but this would exhaust your backup disk quickly because it will continuously back up 3 GB blockchain. I recommend excluding every Bitcoin/* file except wallet.dat (see the screenshot).